History Part 1

The Battle of Surabaya 

What is the passage about? The passage is about the battle of Surabaya.

When did the battle take place? 10 November 1945

Where did it happen? It happened in Surabaya.

What caused the battle? Draw a diagram that shows chronologically the events that led to the battle. 

What do think about the Indonesian military power compared to that of the British army at that time? British army's power is stronger than Indonesia. it was proved by both naval and air bombardment. In addition, the amount of death of Indonesian was more than the British side.

What made the Indonesians dare to face the British army military aggression? The Indonesians felt betrayed and felt angry. In order to defend Indonesia's sovereignty, they attacked the British army causing the death of Brigadier Mallaby.

Did the Indonesian lose or win the battle? Why do you think so? Yes, Indonesia did. It was because between 6.000 and 16.000 Indonesian died while British were about 600 to 2000.

How did the battle influence the national revolution at that time? The battle provoked Indonesian and international mass to rally for the Indonesia’s independence.

Who was the prominent figure in the battle? What did he do? It was Bung Tomo. He led the rejection of the surrender of Indonesian weapons to the British Army through his enthusiasm that raised the Indonesian fighters.

Indonesia had gone through many battles. Why do you think the date of the Battle of Surabaya is used as a momentum to commemorate our hero’s contribution? The battle in Surabaya was very important because a lot of blood was sacrificed to fight the British army. Therefore, it's great to celebrate 10 November as Hero's Day in remembrance of our Hero, especially in Surabaya

Describe in one word the Indonesians who defended their city at that time. Brave.

Do you think that the information in the text is clear? Yes, the information in this text is clear

Have you read other texts that tell about similar events? What are they? Ya, it's about battle of Ambarawa

Text Structure

Orientation: The bloody battle took place in 1945 in Surabaya.

Series of events

Events 1: The governor of Java & Brigadier Mallaby made an agreement

Events 2: Indonesians refused to surrender their weaponry to British army.

Events 3: There were misunderstanding between British troops in Jakartaand those in Surabaya, under the command of Brigadier A.W.S. Mallaby

Events 4: Leaflets were dropped all over Surabaya by a British plane from Jakarta.

Events 5: The Indonesians felt betrayed.

Events 6: Brigadier Mallaby was killed.

Events 7: British army began to advance into Surabaya with cover with both naval and air bombardment.

Events 8: The battle lasted three weeks.

Events 9: Many Indonesians died in the battle.

Reorientation: The Battle of Surabaya awakened Indonesian & International people to support the Indonesian national revolution.